150 Years of Vande MÄtaram – From Rebellion to Renewal
đŋ Introduction
On 7 November 1875, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote a poem that changed India’s destiny — Vande MÄtaram.
From the pages of Änandamath it became the anthem of a nation, the cry of the Sannyasis, the whisper of the patriots, and the sacred fire of India’s struggle for freedom.
But 150 years later, what does Vande MÄtaram mean?
If freedom is no longer only political, can the Mother still speak to us?
This commemorative series — the “Eight MÄtaram” — reimagines that spirit across seven new hymns, each representing an evolving ideal of freedom: ascetic rebellion, equality, global unity, learning, ecology, courage, and compassion.
đŽđŗ 1. Vande MÄtaram (1875)
(The Song of the Motherland — by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay)
(Original full poem as given earlier — retained in the anthology)
[See previous section for full Bengali, transliteration, and translation]
đĨ 2. TapasyÄ MÄtaram
(Mother of Austerity and Rebellion)
(Full Bengali, transliteration, and translation — as previously written)
đ 3. Samata MÄtaram
(Mother of Equality)
(Full Bengali, transliteration, and translation — as before)
đ 4. Ekata MÄtaram
(Mother of Unity — Beyond Nations)
(Full Bengali, transliteration, and translation — as before)
đ 5. SÄhitya MÄtaram
(Mother of Learning and Illumination)
đ️ Bengali Original
āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্
āĻাāĻো āĻ্āĻাāύāĻāύāύী, āĻŦাāĻŖীāϏ্āĻŦāϰূāĻĒা,
āĻ
āύ্āϧāĻাāϰে āĻ্āĻŦাāϞো āĻĻীāĻĒāϧাāϰা,
āĻ
āĻ্āĻāϤাāϰ āĻļৃāĻ্āĻāϞ āĻিāύ্āύ āĻāϰো āĻŽা,
āĻেāϤāύাāϰ āĻাāĻāϰāĻŖে āĻšোāĻ āϝāĻ্āĻা।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦেāĻĻ, āϤুāĻŽি āĻļাāϏ্āϤ্āϰ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύ, āϤুāĻŽি āϤāύ্āϤ্āϰ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽāύেāϰ āϏুāϰ, āϤুāĻŽি āĻāϞāĻŽেāϰ āĻĢুāϞ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽুāĻ্āϤিāϰ āϰূāĻĒ āĻূāϞ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰাāϰ āĻাāĻĒে āĻাāĻŦāύা,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻাāĻŦ্āϝে āĻāύāύীāϰ āĻāĻŖ্āĻ āϏ্āĻŦāϰ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦāĻāύে āϝুāĻ্āϤিāϰ āĻāϞোāĻ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻļাāĻļ্āĻŦāϤ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϰ āϞোāĻ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
đŋ Transliteration
SÄhitya MÄtaram
JÄgo jÃąÄna-jananÄĢ, vÄášÄĢ-svarÅĢpÄ,
AndhakÄre jÄlo dÄĢpadhÄrÄ,
AjÃąatÄr Åášáš
khal chinna karo mÄ,
CetanÄr jÄgaraáše hok yajÃąa.
Vande SÄhitya MÄtaram.
Tumi Veda, tumi ÅÄstra,
Tumi bigyÄn, tumi tantra,
Tumi maner sur, tumi kalamer phul,
Tumi muktir rÅĢp kÅĢl.
Vande SÄhitya MÄtaram.
Tumi mudrÄr chhÄpe bhÄbnÄ,
Tumi kÄbje jananÄĢr kaášášhasvar,
Tumi bachane yuktir Älok,
Tumi ÅÄÅvata vidyÄr lok.
Vande SÄhitya MÄtaram.
đ¸ English Translation
O Mother of Knowledge, Voice Divine,
Light the lamps in our darkened mind,
Break the chains of ignorance,
Let awakening itself be our sacred fire.
Thou art the Veda, thou the science,
Thou the music and the art,
The blossom of thought, the shore of freedom.
In books and presses thou dost speak,
In poetry thy spirit breathes,
In reason’s light thou dwellest,
O eternal realm of wisdom!
đŗ 6. Prakášti MÄtaram
(Mother Nature — The Green Awakening)
đ️ Bengali Original
āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্
āĻŦৃāĻ্āώেāϰ āĻাāϝ়াāϝ় āĻŦিāĻļ্āϰাāĻŽ āĻĻাāĻ āĻŽা,
āύāĻĻীāϰ āϏ্āϰোāϤে āĻাāĻ āϤāĻŦ āύাāĻŽ,
āϧāϰāĻŖীāϰ āĻŦুāĻে āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϰ āĻŦীāĻ,
āϏāĻŦুāĻে āĻাāĻে āĻŽুāĻ্āϤিāϰ āϏাāĻ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽেāĻ, āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦāϰ্āώা,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦীāĻে āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻļা,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖেāϰ āϏুāϰāĻি,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽাāĻিāϰ āĻāĻŦিāϤা āϰāĻŦি।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āĻŽাāύāĻŦেāϰ āϞোāĻে āĻ্āώāϤ āĻŦুāĻ,
āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦী āĻাঁāĻĻে āϤāĻŦ āĻļোāĻ,
āύāĻŦ āĻ
āϰāĻŖ্āϝে āĻাāĻাāĻ āĻাāύ,
āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖে āϏংāϝোāĻ āĻĻাāύ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
đ¸ English Translation
Mother Nature!
Grant us rest beneath thy trees,
In thy rivers we chant thy name,
On the earth’s breast bloom the seeds of peace,
Freedom now wears a robe of green.
Thou art the rain, thou art the cloud,
In every seed thy hope resounds,
The fragrance of life is thine,
Thou art the soil’s eternal rhyme.
Wounded by human greed and pain,
The Earth weeps in thy refrain,
Awaken forests with thy song,
Reconnect all life, where hearts belong.
⚙️ 7. SÄhÄsa MÄtaram
(Mother of Courage and Science)
đ️ Bengali Original
āϏাāĻšāϏ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্
āĻ
āĻাāύাāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰ āĻোāϞো āĻŽা,
āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāϰ āϰāĻšāϏ্āϝ āĻĻাāĻ āĻĻেāĻা,
āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāύেāϰ āϝāĻ্āĻে āĻĻাāĻ āĻļিāĻা,
āĻāϝ়ে āύāϝ়, āĻ্āĻাāύে āĻŽুāĻ্āϤি āĻĻাāĻ āĻিāϰāĻাāϞে।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏাāĻšāϏ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āϤুāĻŽি āĻāĻŦেāώāĻŖাāϰ āĻĻীāĻĒ্āϤি,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻāĻĻ্āĻাāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰীāϤি,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽāĻšাāĻাāĻļেāϰ āĻāĻš্āĻŦাāύ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽāύুāώ্āϝāϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏাāĻšāϏ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āĻ
āύ্āϧāĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏেāϰ āĻļৃāĻ্āĻāϞ āĻাāĻো,
āĻ্āĻাāύেāĻ āĻšোāĻ āϧāϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āϰাāĻা,
āĻেāϤāύাāϰ āĻāϞো āĻāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻĻাāĻ,
āĻŽাāύāĻŦāĻাāϤিāϰ āϏীāĻŽা āĻোঁāϝ়াāĻ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏাāĻšāϏ āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
đ¸ English Translation
Mother of Courage, open the gates,
Reveal the world’s mysteries,
Light the flame of science,
Grant freedom through reason, not fear.
Thou art research’s fire,
Innovation’s desire,
The call of space and sky,
The soul of humankind’s high.
Break the chains of superstition,
Let truth be our new religion,
Spread the light of mind,
Extend the bounds of humankind.
đ️ 8. KarunÄ MÄtaram
(Mother of Compassion and Peace)
đ️ Bengali Original
āĻāϰুāĻŖা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্
āĻ
āĻšিংāϏাāϰ āĻŦাāĻŖী āϤāĻŦ āĻŽুāĻে,
āĻ্āώāϤ āĻšৃāĻĻāϝ়ে āϏ্āύেāĻšেāϰ āϏুāĻে,
āϝুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āĻ্āώুāϧা āύাāĻļো āĻŽা,
āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϰ āϏ্āϰোāϤে āĻĻাāĻ āϏ্āύাāύ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāϰুāĻŖা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧেāϰ āϧ্āϝাāύ,
āϤুāĻŽি āϝীāĻļুāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻৃāώ্āĻŖেāϰ āĻŦাঁāĻļি,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽাāϝ়াāϰ āĻšাāϏি।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāϰুāĻŖা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
āĻ
āĻļ্āϰুāϤে āϧুāϝ়ে āĻŽাāĻি āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰ,
āĻ্āώāĻŽাāϝ় āĻাāĻে āύāĻŦ āĻāϰিāϤ্āϰ,
āĻৃāĻŖাāϰ āϤীāϰে āϤুāϞো āϏেāϤু,
āĻŽিāϞāύেāϰ āϰāĻŦে āϏāϤ্āϝāϰ āϧ্āĻŦāύি।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāϰুāĻŖা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্ ॥
đ¸ English Translation
Mother of Mercy, voice of peace,
In thy tenderness all sorrows cease,
Quench the hunger for war and hate,
Let us bathe in peace’s stream.
Thou art Buddha’s meditation,
Thou art Christ’s compassion,
Thou art Krishna’s flute,
The gentle smile of Maya absolute.
Wash the earth with tears of grace,
Let forgiveness be the new face,
Raise bridges where hatred stood,
Let love resound for human good.
đŧ Comparative Overview: The Seven New MÄtaram Hymns
| Theme | Mother’s Symbol | Era | Tone | Key Imagery | Core Message |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TapasyÄ | Fire, monks, renunciation | Revolutionary | Fierce | Ashes, vows, Gita | Liberation through sacrifice |
| Samata | Earth, labor, dawn | Reformist | Gentle | Fields, equality | Social and economic equality |
| Ekata | Globe, humanity | Post-globalization | Expansive | Chains, trade, justice | Global unity & dignity |
| SÄhitya | Knowledge, learning | Renaissance | Enlightening | Lamp, scripture, art | Freedom through knowledge |
| Prakášti | Nature, ecology | Environmental | Tender | Forests, rivers, rain | Harmony with Earth |
| SÄhÄsa | Science, discovery | Modern | Bold | Stars, invention, fire | Fearless pursuit of truth |
| KarunÄ | Compassion, peace | Eternal | Healing | Buddha, Christ, Krishna | Love as the highest freedom |
đē Conclusion: The Seven Reflections of the Mother
Each MÄtaram speaks to a time and a need.
When the nation was chained, she rose as TapasyÄ.
When caste and inequality divided, she became Samata.
When the world grew small yet divided, she became Ekata.
When minds hungered for light, she came as SÄhitya.
When the earth cried for healing, she returned as Prakášti.
When humankind reached for the stars, she appeared as SÄhÄsa.
And when hearts broke under conflict, she whispered as KarunÄ.
Together they form a circle of completeness —
from devotion, to rebellion, to unity, to compassion.
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻ
āώ্āĻāĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্।
Vande AášŖáša-MÄtaram — Salutations to the Eight Mothers.
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