Tuesday, January 25, 2022

Bhagwad Geeta in numbers - a speculative commentary

The data in this table is compiled from the resources available online and corresponds to the version of the Bhagwad Geeta that has 700 shlokas/slokas.
ChapterTitleTotalKrishnaArjunaSanjayaDhritrashtraPercentage_by_chapterCumulative percentage
1Arjuna_s_Vishada_Yoga470212516.716.71
2Sankhya_Yoga726363010.2917.00
3Karma_Yoga43403006.1423.14
4Jnana-Karma-Sanyasa_Yoga42411006.0029.14
5Karma-Sanyasa_Yoga29281004.1433.29
6Atma-Samyama_Yoga47425006.7140.00
7Jnana-Vijnana_Yoga30300004.2944.29
8Aksara-ParaBrahma_Yoga28262004.0048.29
9Raja-Vidya-Raja-Guhya_Yoga34340004.8653.14
10Vibhuti_Yoga42277806.0059.14
11Viswarupa-Darsana_Yoga552233007.8667.00
12Bhakti_Yoga20191002.8669.86
13Ksetra-Ksetrajna-Vibhaga_Yoga34340004.8674.71
14Gunatraya-Vibhaga_Yoga27261003.8678.57
15Purushottama_Yoga20200002.8681.43
16Daivasura-Sampad-Vibhaga_Yoga24240003.4384.86
17Shraddhatraya-Vibhaga_Yoga28271004.0088.86
18Moksha-Sanyasa_Yoga787125011.14100.00
TotalBhagwad_Geeta70057484411  
 Percentage_by_character 82.0012.005.860.14 

The table given above provides the count of slokas in each of the chapters of Bhagwad Geeta. Details of the number of slokas are further separated by the characters attributed to these slokas. In addition to the actual numbers, the values are also summarised as sums, percentages, and cumulative percentages to help with the speculative commentary given below.

Commentary:

  1. The Bhagwad Geeta has been described as "a dialogue between Pandava prince Arjuna and his guide and charioteer Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead". However, these numbers help highlight the fact that in addition to Krishna and Arjuna, the text contains two more characters (i.e., Sanjaya and Dhritrashtra).
  2. It should be noted that Dhritrashtra appears only in the first chapter. The first shloka of the first chapter to be precise. Although his counselor Sanjaya appears in four chapters (the first two, chapter 10, and the last chapter), the actual number of shlokas attributed to the kuru king Dhritrashtra is only 1. It looks almost as if the character of Dhritrashtra was forgotten. Even the sporadic appearance of Sanjaya at the beginning middle and end seems a bit surprising. Is it possible that these two characters were added to the Bhagwad Geeta at a later date?
  3. Although the Bhagwad Geeta is considered a "dialogue", the percentage of shlokas attributed to each character shows that the bulk of the shlokas (82%) is coming from the lord Krishna and only 12% is from Arjuna. Even Sanjaya with his observer status has almost 6% of slokas. In fact, five chapters (i.e., 7, 9, 13, 15, and 16) are monologues with only the lord Bhagavan Krishna speaking. Even the other chapters are strongly skewed with the lord Bagvan Krishna speaking more than 90% of the time in eight chapters (i.e., 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, 14, 17, and 18) and more than 85% in another two chapters (i.e., 2 and 6). Only chapters 10 and 11 seem more balanced with the lord contributing ~64% and 40% respectively. Chapter-1 again stands out with 0% contribution from the supreme personality of godhead.
  4. Half the shlokas are completed by the time we reach the 9th of the 18 chapters. Overall, the content is rather evenly distributed across the 18 chapters with the exception of chapters 2 and 18 which contribute more than 10% each. 

Several luminaries have written commentaries or Bhashya's on the interpretation of the Gita. Apparently writing a commentary on the god's song was considered a requirement for scholastic advance in the ancient world. However, it is unclear to me how many of these commentaries were written without anticipation of results.


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