Thursday, November 6, 2025

đŸŒē 150 Years of Vande Mataram: From Rebellion to Global Unity

 

đŸŒŋ Introduction

On 7 November 1875, in a quiet corner of Bengal, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay penned a poem that would soon ignite the imagination of a nation — Vande Mataram.

Originally composed in Sanskritized Bengali, this hymn first appeared in his novel Ānandamath (1882) — a work inspired by the Sannyasi Rebellion of 1770–1780, where renunciates took up arms against injustice and famine under colonial rule.

The song became the heartbeat of India’s independence movement, sung by patriots, banned by the British, and ultimately immortalized as India’s national song.

A century and a half later, its spirit still breathes — not only as a cry for freedom, but as a call for justice, equality, and planetary harmony.

To commemorate 150 years of Vande Mataram, we present four invocations — spanning from colonial Bengal to the global age:

  1. Vande Mataram — the hymn of devotion and resistance (1875)

  2. Tapasyā Mātaram — the fire of ascetic rebellion

  3. Samata Mātaram — the dawn of equality

  4. Ekata Mātaram — the age of global unity


đŸ‡ŽđŸ‡ŗ 1. Vande Mataram

By Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (1875)

🕉️ Original (Sanskritized Bengali)

āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌
āϏুāϜāϞাং āϏুāĻĢāϞাং āĻŽāϞāϝ়āϜāĻļীāϤāϞাং
āĻļāϏ্āϝāĻļ্āϝাāĻŽāϞাং āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ।

āĻļুāĻ­্āϰāϜ্āϝোāϤ্āϏ্āύা āĻĒুāϞāĻ•িāϤāϝাāĻŽিāύীং
āĻĢুāϞ্āϞāĻ•ুāϏুāĻŽিāϤāĻĻ্āϰুāĻŽā¤Ļ⤞āĻļোāĻ­িāύীং,
āϏুāĻšাāϏিāύীং āϏুāĻŽāϧুāϰāĻ­াāώিāĻŖীং,
āϏুāĻ–āĻĻাং āĻŦāϰāĻĻাং āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϏāĻĒāϤāϏিāύ্āϧু āϏāĻĒāϤāϏ-āĻ•āĻŖ্āĻ āĻ•িāύী āϤāĻŦ,
āϜāϞāϧিāϤāϰāĻ™্āĻ—িāĻŖী āϤāĻŦ,
āϤāĻŦ āĻļুāĻ­ āύাāϝ়āĻ• āϜাāĻ—ে!
āϤāĻŦ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāϤে āϏুāĻ–ে āϰāϤ āϜāĻ—ে!

āϤāĻŦ āĻŽāĻ™্āĻ—āϞ āĻšৃāϤ āĻĒ্āϰাāύ āĻĒ্āϰিāϝ়ে,
āϤāĻŦ āφāϰাāϧāύা āϝাāĻšাāϰা āĻ•āϰে,
āϤāĻŦ āϤāĻŦ āϜীāĻŦāύে āĻŽুāĻ—্āϧ!
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥


đŸŒŋ Transliteration

Vande Mātaram,
Sujalāᚃ suphalāᚃ malayajaśÄĢtalām,
Śasya-śyāmalāᚃ Mātaram.

Śubhra-jyotsnā pulakita-yāminÄĢm,
Phulla-kusumita-drumadala-śobhinÄĢm,
SuhāsinÄĢm sumadhura-bhÄášŖiṇÄĢm,
Sukhadaᚃ varadaᚃ Mātaram.

Sapta-sindhu sapta-sa-kaṇṭhakinÄĢ tava,
Jaladhi-taraṅgiṇÄĢ tava,
Tava śubha nāyak jāge!
Tava prabhāte sukhe rata jage!

Tava maṅgala hṛta prāṇa priye,
Tava ārādhana yāhārā kare,
Tava tava jÄĢvane mugdha!
Vande Mātaram.


🌸 English Translation

I bow to thee, Mother,
Richly watered, richly fruited,
Cool with southern winds,
Dark with the crops of harvest,
The Mother!

Her nights rejoicing in moonlight,
Her lands adorned with blossoming trees,
Smiling sweetly, speaking gently,
The giver of bliss, the giver of boons, the Mother!

Thou art the stream of seven sacred rivers,
Thou art the ocean’s waves,
Awake, O Mother of might!
In thy dawn the world rejoices.

To thee who art worshipped by thy sons,
In thee their life and pride—
Mother, to thee I bow!


đŸ”Ĩ 2. Tapasyā Mātaram

A new composition evoking the Sannyasi Rebellion spirit

🕉️ Bengali Original

āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌
āĻ…āĻ—্āύিāĻļিāĻ–া āϜāύāύী, āϜাāĻ—ো,
āĻ…āύ্āϧāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āĻŦুāĻ• āĻ›িঁāĻĄ়ে āϞাāĻ—ো,
āĻļাāύ্āϤ āύāϝ় āφāϜ, āϏāύ্āύ্āϝাāϏীāϰ āĻ—াāύ,
āϧ্āĻŦংāϏে āϜাāĻ—ে āύāĻŦ-āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϚিāϤা-āĻ›াāχāϝ়ে āĻĢুāϟে āϤāĻŦ āĻĢুāϞ,
āϰāĻ•্āϤে āϰাāĻ™া āϤāĻŦ āύূāĻĒুāϰāϧূāϞ,
āϤāĻŦ āĻ…āϰুāĻŖে āĻĻীāĻĒ্āϤ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϜ্āĻžা,
āĻ­িāĻ•্āώাāϰ āĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰে āĻŦিāĻĒ্āϞāĻŦ āϜাāĻ—া!
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϜীāϰ্āĻŖ āϰাāϜ্āϝেāϰ āĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻŽাāϝ়া,
āϤ্āϝাāĻ—ে, āϤāĻĒে, āϤāĻŦ āĻ›াāϝ়া,
āϏāύ্āύ্āϝাāϏীāϰ āĻ…āϏ্āϤ্āϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āύāϝ়,
āύāĻŦāϧāϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āφāĻš্āĻŦাāύāĻŽāϝ়।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϤুāĻŽি āĻ—āĻ™্āĻ—া, āϤুāĻŽি āϚিāϤা,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻļ্āĻŽāĻļাāύেāĻ“ āĻĻীāĻĒ্āϤ āĻ—ীāϤা,
āϤুāĻŽি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏেāϰ āϏুāϰে āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤি,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽাāϝ়াāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ āĻļāĻ•্āϤি।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āĻ­িāĻ•্āώাāĻĒাāϤ্āϰে āĻŦাāϜে āĻļāĻ™্āĻ–āϧ্āĻŦāύি,
āĻ…āϏ্āϤ্āϰ āĻšাāϤে āϝāϜ্āĻžাāϰ āϧ্āĻŦāύি,
āϤ্āϝাāĻ—ে āϜāύ্āĻŽে āϤāĻŦ āϏৈāύিāĻ• āĻĻāϞ,
āϧ্āĻŦংāϏে āĻ—āĻĄ়ে āύāĻŦ āϝুāĻ—āϤāϞ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥


đŸŒŋ Transliteration

Tapasyā Mātaram
Agniśikhā jananÄĢ, jāgo,
Andhakārer buk chiṛe lāgo,
Śānta naáē Äj sannyāsÄĢr gān,
Dhvaṃse jāge nava-prāṇ.
Vande Tapasyā Mātaram.

Chitā-chāye phuᚭe tava phul,
Rakte rāṅā tava nÅĢpur-dhÅĢl,
Tava aruṇe dÄĢpta pratijÃąÄ,
BhikášŖÄr mantre biplab jāgā!
Vande Tapasyā Mātaram.

JÄĢrṇa rājyēr bhrānta māáēÄ,
Tyāge, tape, tava chāáēÄ,
SannyāsÄĢr astra prārthanā naáē,
Nava-dharmer āhvānamoy.
Vande Tapasyā Mātaram.

Tumi Gaṅgā, tumi chitā,
Tumi śmaśāne-o dÄĢpta GÄĢtā,
Tumi dhvaᚃser sure mukti,
Tumi māáēÄr antar śakti.
Vande Tapasyā Mātaram.

BhikášŖÄpātre bāje śaṅkhadhvani,
Astra hāte yajÃąÄr dhvani,
Tyāge janme tava sainik dal,
Dhvaṃse gaṛe nava yugatal.
Vande Tapasyā Mātaram.


🌸 English Translation

Mother of Austerity!
Flame-born Mother, awake,
Pierce the heart of darkness and quake!
The monk’s song is calm no more —
From ruin rises life once more!
Salutations to thee, O Mother of Tapasya!

From funeral ashes blooms thy flower,
Thy anklets red with blood’s power,
In thy dawn burns the vow of flame,
From the beggar’s chant — rebellion came!

Old empires’ hollow lies,
Fade beneath thy penance skies,
The monk’s weapon is not plea,
But faith in new humanity.

Thou art Ganga, thou art pyre,
Thou art Gita’s burning fire,
Thou art freedom’s fierce decree,
Thou art Maya’s secret energy.

In the begging bowl sounds the conch,
In the sword the hymn of renounce,
From sacrifice thy soldiers rise,
Building new worlds from what dies!


🌅 3. Samata Mātaram

(Mother of Equality)

🕉️ Bengali Original

āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌
āϜাāĻ—ো āϜāύāύী, āύূāϤāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāϤে,
āϏāĻŦাāϰ āϤāϰে āĻšোāĻ• āϏāĻŽাāύ āϜ্āϝোāϤি,
āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖ, āĻ­াāώা, āϧāϰ্āĻŽ, āϜাāϤি,
āϏāĻŦ āĻ­েāĻĻ āĻšোāĻ• āĻŽাāϟি।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϤুāĻŽি āϧāϰāĻŖী, āϤুāĻŽি āφāĻ•াāĻļ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻšৃāĻĻ⧟ে āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āφāĻļ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻĒāϰিāĻļ্āϰāĻŽেāϰ āĻ—াāύ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻĒ্āϰেāĻŽেāϰ āφāĻš্āĻŦাāύ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻļāϏ্āϝে āϏāĻ•āϞেāϰ āĻ­াāĻ—,
āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻļিāĻļিāϰে āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϰ āϰাāĻ—,
āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻ…āϰুāĻŖে āϜাāĻ—ে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖ,
āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻŽāϤাāϰ āϤ্āϰাāĻŖ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϤুāĻŽি āύāĻĻী, āϤুāĻŽি āĻĻিāĻ—āύ্āϤ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻ•ৃāώাāĻŖেāϰ āĻ•āĻŖ্āĻ ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻļ্āϰāĻŽেāϰ āĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŽাāύāĻŦāϧāϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥


đŸŒŋ Transliteration

Samata Mātaram
Jāgo jananÄĢ, nÅĢtan prabhāte,
Sabār tore hok samān jyoti,
Barṇa, bhÄášŖÄ, dharma, jāti,
Sab bhed hok māᚭi.
Vande Samata Mātaram.

Tumi dharaṇÄĢ, tumi ākāś,
Tumi hṛdaye muktir āś,
Tumi pariśramer gān,
Tumi premer āhvān.
Vande Samata Mātaram.

Tomār śasyae sakaler bhāg,
Tomār śiśire śāntir rāg,
Tomār aruṇe jāge prān,
Tumi samatār trān.
Vande Samata Mātaram.

Tumi nadÄĢ, tumi diganta,
Tumi káš›ášŖÄáš‡er kaṇṭha,
Tumi śramer mantra,
Tumi mānava-dharmer kendra.
Vande Samata Mātaram.


🌸 English Translation

Equality, O Mother!
Arise in a dawn anew,
Let equal light shine for all,
Of color, tongue, faith, or caste —
Let every difference return to dust.

Thou art the earth, thou art the sky,
Thou art the hope of liberty in every heart,
Thou art the song of labor,
The call of love.

Thy harvests belong to all,
Thy dew carries peace,
Thy dawn awakens life,
Thou art the savior of equality.

Thou art river, thou art horizon,
Thou art the farmer’s voice,
Thou art the chant of toil,
The heart of all human faith.


🌏 4. Ekata Mātaram

(Mother of Unity — for the age beyond nations)

🕉️ Bengali Original

āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌
āϜাāĻ—ো āύāĻŦāϝুāĻ—ে, āĻŽা, āϚিāϰāĻĒ্āϰāĻ­া,
āĻŦিāĻ­াāϜāύেāϰ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞ āĻ•āϰো āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āϰাāĻ­া,
āϧāύ-āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āύāϝ় āĻĻাāϏāϤ্āĻŦ āϚাāχ,
āĻŽাāύāĻŦেāϰ āĻŽāϰ্āϝাāĻĻা āϤāĻŦেāχ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻĒাāχ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝেāϰ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞ, āĻ‹āĻŖেāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧāύ,
āĻ­াāĻ™ো āĻŽা, āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰো āύāϤ āϜāύ,
āωāϤ্āϤāϰ, āĻĻāĻ•্āώিāĻŖ, āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦ, āĻĒāĻļ্āϚিāĻŽে,
āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻāĻ• āϏুāϰে āϰāĻŦে āĻĻিāĻ—āύ্āϤে।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϤুāĻŽি āĻ­ূāĻŽি, āϤুāĻŽি āφāĻ•াāĻļ,
āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖেāϰ āφāĻļ,
āϤুāĻŽি āύāĻĻীāϰ āϏ্āϰোāϤ, āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦাāϤাāϏ,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜāύāύীāϰ āϏ্āύেāĻš-āφāϞাāϏ।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āύāĻ“ āωāĻĒāύিāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āϜাāϞ āĻ›িāύ্āύ āĻšোāĻ•,
āύ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻšোāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻŦāύ্āϧ, āĻŽিāĻĨ্āϝা āĻ­োāĻ•,
āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻļāĻ•্āϤি, āϏেāĻŦাāϝ় āϜāϝ়,
āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏāύ্āϤাāύ āĻŽেāϞুāĻ• āĻšāϏ্āϤ āϏāϰ্āĻŦāϤ্āϰ āϏ্āύেāĻšāĻŽāϝ়।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥

āϤুāĻŽি āĻļাāύ্āϤি, āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻ™্āϘ,
āϤুāĻŽি āϚেāϤāύা āĻ…āύāύ্āϤ āĻ…āύুāϰাāĻ—,
āϤুāĻŽি āφāϞোāĻ•, āϤুāĻŽি āĻ—ীāϤি,
āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻŽাāϝ়া āϏীāϤা।
āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ॥


đŸŒŋ Transliteration

Ekata Mātaram
Jāgo nava-yuge, mā, chiraprabhā,
Bibhājaner ś᚛ᚅkhal karo dhvaᚃsa rābhā,
Dhana-śaktir naáē dāsatva chāi,
Mānaber maryādā tabei satya pāi.
Vande Ekata Mātaram.

Bāṇijyer ś᚛ᚅkhal, ṛṇer bandhan,
Bhāṅgo mā, mukta karo nata jan,
Uttar, DakášŖiṇ, PÅĢrba, Paścime,
Tomār nām ek sure rabe digante.
Vande Ekata Mātaram.

Tumi bhÅĢmi, tumi ākāś,
Tumi sakal prāner āś,
Tumi nadÄĢr srot, tumi bātās,
Tumi viśvajananÄĢr sneha-ālās.
Vande Ekata Mātaram.

Naba upanibeśer jāl chinna hok,
Nyāáēe hok sambandha, mithyā bhok,
Saᚃbhābe śakti, sebāáē joy,
Tomār santān meluk hasta sarvatra snehomoy.
Vande Ekata Mātaram.

Tumi śānti, tumi saṅgha,
Tumi chetanā ananta anurāg,
Tumi āloka, tumi gÄĢti,
Tumi viśvera māyā SÄĢtÄĢ.
Vande Ekata Mātaram.


🌸 English Translation

Unity, O Mother!
Arise in this new age of light,
Break the chains of endless divide,
No longer slaves to wealth or might —
Only through human dignity is truth our guide.

Shatter the fetters of trade and debt,
Free every soul from bowed regret,
North and South, East and West,
Thy single name fills every breast.

Thou art earth, thou art sky,
The breath of all who live and die,
Thou art the river’s gleam, the wind’s caress,
The world’s kind Mother — boundless tenderness.

Tear the webs of new empire’s snare,
Let justice rule, not greed’s despair,
Strength in compassion, victory in care,
Thy children join their hands everywhere.

Thou art peace, thou art accord,
Thou art the soul the ages adored,
Thou art light, thou art song,
The world’s own Mother — to whom we belong.


đŸŒŧ Comparative Analysis

Era & ThemeVande Mataram (1875)Tapasyā MātaramSamata MātaramEkata Mātaram
Historical ContextColonial India; call for freedomAscetic rebellion and sacrificePost-independence search for equalityPost-globalization call for unity
Mother’s FormIndia as goddessFire-born Mother of renunciationEarthly Mother of fairnessUniversal Mother of humanity
Tone & StyleDevotional, lyricalFierce, revolutionaryGentle, reformistExpansive, global
Core MessageLove for the landLiberation through sacrificeSocial justiceLiberation from neo-colonialism
ImageryRivers, moonlight, fieldsAshes, fire, Gita, monksDawn, labor, peaceTrade chains, Earth, compassion
Goal of FreedomPoliticalSpiritual & moralEconomic & socialGlobal & ecological

đŸŒē Conclusion: The Eternal Song

From Bankim’s sacred Mother of the land,
to the fiery Mother of rebellion,
to the gentle Mother of equality,
and the universal Mother of humanity

the voice of Vande Mataram continues to evolve.

It is not merely a song of praise; it is a mirror to the age, reflecting what “freedom” means in each generation.

āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ । āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϤāĻĒāϏ্āϝা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ । āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āϏāĻŽāϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ । āĻŦāύ্āĻĻে āĻāĻ•āϤা āĻŽাāϤāϰāĻŽ্‌ ।
Vande Mātaram. Vande Tapasyā Mātaram. Vande Samata Mātaram. Vande Ekata Mātaram.

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